Paris, A. Colin, 1958. 348 p. 24 cm pl-H.-T. NC-19 cards Bibliogr Cahiers de la National Science Foun dation study of 98 policies on Guy Lasserre Libreville Area enriches an area where there are still very few books She deserves many ways to retain attention
The first part describes morphological European Cities and villages ï > Africa and the author describes all the towns surrounding the African Caines center under a variety of landscapes unique aspects raise the question of urban reality in Libreville Former Portuguese Barraca Aumale later Libreville was primarily a naval establishment created by the Royal Navy in 1843 to suppress the slave trade and also to ensure the Bordeaux Chamber of Commerce a base in the Gulf of Guinea, where it could effectively fight against the financing competition and American English The site chosen appeared promising a vast estuary where open several water courses by which they hoped to penetrate the interior of the continent NEET counter Gabon grew lasted until But when trading economy in the late last century éconon.ie Operating substituted when he had to consider development of inland estuary proved to be a decoy that was actually an arm of the sea routes of entry to interior were virtually nonexistent Lasserre rightly points out that respect the insular nature of Libreville Libreville Private hinterland existed mainly by virtue of its administrative functions which had attracted trative locally headquartered companies in 1892 when com mercial okoumé proved to be a source of wealth that these factors are centripetal acted for former counter and allowed to become Libreville despite competition Port-Gentil better yet located an important center logging and finally be given a restricted area if it is-but as the author notes operating okoumé hardly differs from traditional trading economy because he always acts primitive plant's destruction economic implications will be somewhat lower than some industrial mills and factories dérou lage not even creating a port-loading logs more easily through roadsteads of estuary or the coast Imports are limited by the small size one hinterland sparsely where 200 Africans and 000 Europeans at most operate in logging camps okoumé Added to 15 000 inhabitants of Libreville representatives this population represents a market little extra power ceptible significant traffic to justify existence and a port-Few African cities established on the basis of accurate location industrial or commercial areas-often were economic and randomly open a position and location of historical factors have frequently abused the economic data this regard Libreville is a very marked case of training a region around a pole eco nomic exogenous are administrative and colonial despite absence of positive factors and poor articulation of hinterland and the city The second part of book therefore considers this important issue and brings together a considerable mass of materials such as study tuft under their weight thousand details flatten Miller said sometimes the ideas author feels that it is ready to support the thesis draft is also a victim of the fashion show he chose The monograph does not outlaw the description and argument This is even more apparent rent in the third part of work devoted to human problems, it would have been interesting Libreville study appears to have a developer environment In this respect the process integration of settlements Af rican city in other words to identify the phenomenon in its dynamic urbanization would have been needed for that characterize each of these characteristics Libreville black but appear over the fields without ever being grouped Yet if we Butt put some elements femaleness age structure preserving tradition important food crop quality boxes, etc. we would probably appear to be his most consistent of these black settlements in their various phases integration since the village is still largely living in the bush jus district itself author Now employs the two terms interchangeably throughout the study to any populated area Africans In addition to the definitions of administrative districts were adopted almost without question then it would have acted to clarify the economic and social criteria to draw a more authentic cutting a clearer distinction tight would still permit some demonstrations supporting author on more farms is particularly the case regarding the standard of living of Africans author rightly states that it is only by subsistence agriculture still largely performed by the African population that it as a whole can meet its needs This stems from the simple observation of activity But when African women author undertakes to demonstrate and expand its economic conclusions other African cities like Brazzaville, it does not convince us. While initially it does nowhere a figure of the male population of 15 45 years because of the comparable figure with that of the population actually employed would have helped assess how African families depend mainly on food resources by village A study of this problem would possible to locate this population and measure the economic integration of each city Who they camped on the outskirts of the city which are integrated author not only makes no such distinction maisappuyant on the simple estimate that 70 of the employed population earns less than the minimum subsistence it is concluded that the total amount of cash circulating in the African sector is lower than it needs af rms that activities such as adding trade nothing that money can not improve the situation of Africans By pla ant in this field author weakens his argument, it misses a part of Africans in Libreville 30 in this case have incomes above the subsistence level as trade initiated by the less advantaged allows a partial redistribution of global income in their favor Since the African sector itself meets some of its needs money doing a new circuit gross weight does not measure the con summation But the real difference between mass and gross total income trust are also widespread in societies trading It is no demonstrative value-To extend these findings Brazzaville rut it had to demonstrate In addition, the report's potential labor force of 15 men my 45 years employed population is comparable Brazzaville But the percentage of the first second of 95 Sqn Free city there is probably no greater than 60 or 70 Unemployment is another qualitative value certain solutions essential to a case may have accessories in other forms of self-subsistence sector Africa may be different From all this it remains deeply what is fair and Lasserre book brings in a new proof that the wages in underdeveloped countries is largely con as farmers pay extra population feeding itself is through this capi talist economy as a result of colonization powers at the expense of pre-capitalist sector and the author suggests that because the new wage legislation which tends to give them their meaning helps hasten European Community Planning Organization of African cities by encouraging the break with former subsistence economy increase the dependency of blacks against Europeans who hold the labor market and therefore make fought unionism and precipitate social and political evolution of Africa Velle Finally the new part of sociological work is certainly the most vulnerable points of the Saddle is incorrect terminology simplifications that irritate some sociologists applied clarify concepts and phenomena in the same way that geographers may irritate the Misuse of words they have forged work of Lasserre is a real wealth It complements the literature on African cities, it brings together a vast literature and ordinances born useful not only in geography but also It encourages the sociologist of Hopefully new research sociology now become easier thanks Lasserre study complements the geography of black Libreville
Claude Meillassoux
